Medical case study

The myriad of issues that patients with lifestyle disorders face

The majority of diseases are linked to inactivity and bad diets. (Christofaro et al. 518). It is crucial that the medical practitioner keeps vigilant and treats any other ailments throughout diagnosis and treatment in order to properly treat the patient. (Christofaro et al. 519). Pathophysiology of the diseases, treatments, and the patient’s history and lifestyle must all be looked into carefully while analyzing the issue. These specifics relate to the patient’s primary problem, which makes selecting the best therapy options easier. As an example, here is a case of a 38 years old patient, J. K who suffered from gout, high blood pressure and Type 2 Diabetes. This paper evaluates the problem he went through, looks into the history and lifestyle, lists the pathophysiology of the disease and explores the treatment methods.

Problem

J. K is 72 inches tall and weighing 366 lbs. He has varying problems with his health. He works with a local bank, located a mile away from his home, so he has to drive while going to work. Most of his works are from Monday to Friday, though he gets calls on Saturdays when there is more workload than usual. During weekends, he stays indoors or goes out with the family to have social time outside his home.

From the problems he listed, he has several healthcare issues to deal with

First, the problems he experiences is heavy breathing, fatigue, and confusion. Asked when he had the first difficulty in breathing, he noted that it began long a few years ago and intensified with time. Breathing problems worsen at night prompting him to remain awake. The same experiences repeat when he engages in serious exercises. I noticed his dry lips and frequency with which he visited the bathrooms. He confirmed that he passes water frequently throughout the day. That explained why his increased intake of water and foods per sitting. In his heavy feeding, he prefers junky foods without any gain in weight. It is a disappointment that he can reorder more food.

It was important to investigate the problem that limits him from moving or doing several exercises

J. K confirmed that he has problems with his legs. The legs feel itchy most of the times, with constant peeling of the toes skins. At the knee, the color of his skin is not usual as the rest of his bod. He looks brighter at the knees and has limited movements at the same spots.

Patient History and Lifestyle

J.K’s nutrition is full of sugars and junk foods. When he goes out with his family, he takes heavy meals and has a problem controlling the amount he consumes. At this point, engaging him on his meals was important as it highlighted the little interest he had on vegetarian diets nor to detox his body, as Christofaro et al. (519) suggest. Exercises are a rare thing for J.K, as he does not mention the last time he had a physical activity to remain fit. Additionally, he does not feel any interest in doing exercises because his knees feel dead most of the times.

In his history, J. K smoked in the past, tried to stop and then began again

Currently, he has stopped but has difficulty in solving the addictive issues. He used tobacco majorly, marijuana and bhang. From these problems and historical accounts, it is important to investigate the health conditions of J. K to eliminate several possibilities of other infections. He appears to have more than one complication, which needs a solution to save him from the many dangers. In doing so, connecting the lifestyle and the symptoms he mentioned leads to the proper diagnosis.

Pathophysiology

The case above is a reflection of the kind of lifestyle J. K had in the past. He used drugs whose chemical residues are unfavorable to the body. Tobacco smoke leads to inflammations of the lungs after an extended period of use (Zurc 27). Chemicals like tar and hydrogen cyanide are added to the body, which affects the lungs and increases breathing problems (Christofaro et al. 521). Breathing problems do not allow the efficient absorption of oxygen into the blood. The blood pumping then increases at a faster rate as the body demands a constant supply to facilitate the absorption of minerals. This is because the lungs do not have to compete for sifting system to filter oxygen and add to the blood (Zurc 27). With the body demanding more energy, it becomes a routine for high rate pumping and blood pressure.

Sedentary life of J. K is likely to lead to the Type 2 diabetes

J. K responded poorly to his continuous intake of too much food by doing little exercises. The fat and oil concentration in the body increased and changed into glucose. Glucose levels increase beyond the limit his insulin can handle. Such increases in sugar levels that the body cannot reject slowly develop into Type 2 diabetes. According to Taylor (1048), Type 2 diabetes is characterized by increased intake of fatty and sugary foods and weight loss. J. K experienced this and increased the complexity of his case. When this reaction by insulin increases, the patent finds it difficult to have an active body and encounters several problems (Taylor, 1050). One more problem was the problem with the swelling body parts and the joints.

Swelling body parts and difficulty in exercises, coupled with painful joints are conditions experienced by J. K

J. K assented to having less physical activities and took more foods, for almost 1-2 hours. It is important to note that he did not like taking on serious exercises. Physical exercises are important to reduce the amount of fats and sugars in the body. An exercise increases the burning of oils into sugars and converts glucose into energy and ATP (Zurc 29). Subsequently, the fats convert to glucose to replace the used glucose. This process should repeat and increase the chances of healthy lifestyle an individual should take on. For J. K, he failed in meeting this by increasing the sedentary lifestyle and food taken.

Increased intake of fat foods by J. K led to rising in acid levels in the body

He did not increase the intake of vegetarian foods to balance the acidic crystallizations in the body (Shields and Beard 1030). In turn, the crystals from acidic compounds formed in the body and led to the swelling of the feet and other joints (Shields and Beard 1030). From his situation, risk factors pointed to the continued development of the condition. Sedentary life increased the chances of removal of urine from the blood. It is also significant to note the weight of J. K that enhances the turnover of body tissues and reduces the removal rate of uric acid. This condition leads to gout.

Treatments

Treatment of gout, diabetes and hypertension and blood pressure requires an advanced consideration of medicines and doctoral advice. The necessary steps J. K can take are the increased exercises and changes in diets (Christofaro et al. 522). One of the solutions a proper diet offers is the body cleansing (Taylor, 1054). An increase in the exercise leads to the burning of fats and other acids. When the body burns fats and oils, the arterial walls open and increase the blood flow into the body. This solves high blood pressure, but a significant problem exists in the heart, where he must do way with the intoxicating chemicals from tobacco intake. Finally, the increase in exercises reduces the concentration of gout by natural means. It is important to do this and make the right changes to the body chemical balance.

Increasing the intake of drugs to solve some of the problems J. K have is a good step to improve the removal of wastes, sugars and balance the chemicals in the body

It seems J. K’s condition is worsening but can solve a few cases (Klemenc 3077). A solution for high blood pressure increases through drug intake includes beta-blockers and diuretics. It is important to take on this as a measure to make their life special. Shields and Beard (1046) added that to solve problems of gout, the best drugs are for oxidase inhibition including allopurinol, which reduces the acid levels to the recommended standards. Finally, the increase in insulin levels. Drugs that increase insulin are important to lower levels of sugars periodically added to exercises.

Conclusion

In conclusion, the conditions of J. K points to the increase body-chemical regulation. Most chemicals as in the J.K’s case increased because of the lifestyle he lived. His eating habits, weight maintenance was poor. As a result, chemicals like tar and cyanide increase in the body. He worsened this by staying a sedentary life. Exercises reduce the number of sugars in the body and aids blood flow to all parts. Gout is because of uric acid and other chemicals crystalizing in the body. Treatment methods include changes in diet to more healthy foods. Fruits and vegetables increase the health statuses of individuals. These vegetables and fruits plus a few grains increase the levels of absorption of fats and help in reducing weight. The use of drugs like oxidase and beta-blockers reduces the chemical balance in the body. J. K should take on this step to increase the body intake of chemicals and solve his problems.

Works Cited

Christofaro, Diego et al. “The Association between Cardiovascular Risk Factors and High Blood Pressure in Adolescents: A School-Based Study.” American Journal of Human Biology. 26, 4 (2014): 518-522. Print.

Klemenc et al. “Role of Nurse Practitioners in Reducing Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Retrospective Cohort Study.” Journal of Clinical Nursing. 24 (2015): 3077-3083. Print.

Shields, GE, and SM Beard. “A Systematic Review of the Economic and Humanistic Burden of Gout.” Pharmacoeconomics. 33,10 (2015): 1029-1047. Print.

Taylor, Roy. “Type 2 diabetes: Etiology and Reversibility.” American diabetes association, vol. 36, no. 4, Apr. 2013, pp. 1047-1055, care.diabetesjournals.org/content/36/4/1047.full. Accessed 24 Apr. 2017.

Zurc, Joca. “Physical Activity Intervention Programmes in Prevention of Chronical Physical and Mental Diseases.” International Week, Turku, 26. 9. - 29. 9. 2016. (2016). Print.