HIV & AIDS Essay

According to Lo (2000), when a patient in a health facility is denied, most of those affected voice their complaints and typically claim compensation due to the incident. Most health centers in the United States position most clients seeking HIV healthcare claims and complaints severely. According to Beauchamp (1994), the main priorities of these health institutions are to reduce the demands and complaints made by HIV clients and their families about service delivery problems. For instance, this can be caused by delaying processes, insufficient channels of conveying information and denial of service access when being attended to in the health centers. The United States health facilities have the mandate to respond to clients who have raised issues that need urgent interventions (Angell, 1988).
The health center personnel on the reception of these complaints need to employ various strategies to address them adequately. Firstly, they need to make an apology to the client on behalf of the organization and pay attention to their issues at hand. Secondly, they should acknowledge the claim by background exploration of the situation and try to offer any help that may be indispensable at that exact moment. Thirdly, they should make some amendments on rectifying the problem at the time of service delivery if necessary and finally forward the issue at hand or challenge to the conflict management sector for follow up if by any chance the institution could not be in a position to resolve the problem.
Moreover, the conflict management team will have to consist of at least ten staff members proposed by the institution administration and other individuals who may be perceived essential (Macklin, 1999). The team should be made up of various stakeholders with different specialties such as case managers, doctors, nurses, and physicians. Additionally, the team will be headed by three case leaders, and the membership of the group will do after the reception of an issue (Gostin, 2000).
Different way in which various staffing levels may play pivotal roles
According to Lo (2000), hospital staff and other professional should uphold specific ethical conduct when attending to persons living with HIV and Aids. Furthermore, there is the need to respect individuals and their decisions by imposing obligations to treat them by maintaining confidentiality (Macklin, 1999). The professional should also act in the best interest of the clients. Justice also advocates that individuals need to be treated fairly and this should apply to the general society (Enserink, 2000).
Varmus and Satcher (1997) argued that there are various ways the health workers play a crucial role in enhancing ethical conduct during service provision. Firstly, health workers play an essential role in improving the confidentiality of the client’s information, which is protected under the legal statutes. Due to the sensitivity of the HIV related issues, most of the health institutions have integrated laws that protect the client’s information. For this reason, health providers have the mandate to the public health authorities, and these should not be disclosed to any individual. Furthermore, the health professionals may also be allowed to reveal a patients HIV infections to individuals who are at peril of disease without the laws permit. In most cases, a health officer may not be willing to worn individuals over infection possibilities without informing first the client of the intended disclosure.
Secondly, during the test undertaking, the health staff offer informed consent and hence due to the physical perils being limited, intensive informed approval is required. At this moment, as a result of no proven treatment, the importance of early diagnosis to the clients tends to be uncertain. In the identification of these circumstances and to enhance testing, specialized procedures are adopted to obtain consent for an HIV test for instance counseling and informed consent. In most states around the world, HIV informed consent is required, and the most information conveyed during this process include the nature of the test, the kind of the ailment, risks and prevention strategies, confidentiality of the test results and voluntary temperament of the test.
Thirdly, health professionals tend to respect the fundamental liberties and dignity of individuals living with HIV and AIDs. The existence of a conducive milieu that upholds client’s dignity and health, and high institutional image. Besides, the respect of the rights of individuals to confidentiality and autonomy is mostly enhanced by health staffs. Staff tends to aware of clients diversity such as the Age, ethnicity, gender, race disability and sexual orientations Staff advocates for the support of patients’ rights to access preventive care services.
Primary legal ramifications
Patients, who intend to seek medical care at any health Facility in the United States, should be handled with a lot of respect and having a perception of being in the client’s shoes in mind. Furthermore, health workers have no mandate to judge and isolate any client when they are in need of their attention. According to Jaszay and Dunk (2006), Individuals who offer human services at any institution are morally and mandated lawfully provide quality care to all clients. Furthermore, health professionals in any health institution are required to provide equal services to all clients and ensure that client’s safety is also considered (Pozgar, 2012)
In case a patient that is need of HIV and AIDs treatment is not provided with quality health services, legal measures can be undertaken against the health institution (Jaszay & Dunk, 2006). Most of the clients advocate for their confidentiality when seeking healthcare based on HIV and AIDS (Pozgar, 2012). Clients have the right to give consent to any medical process undertaken, and this should follow the existing formulated laws or legal statutes. In case of any breaching of the current constitutional rules by the health practitioner, they can be held accountable (Jaszay & Dunk, 2006).
Majority of the Community health facilities in the United States usually engaged in annual training about client’s right where the health practitioners understand and identify the position of moral and quality medical there. The training will focus mostly on the awareness of cleanliness maintenance such as glove utilization and disposal. According to the stipulated case laws and formulated practical guidelines, health care practitioners have the mandate to informed clients and employers their HIV status if they want to undertake any procedure on the clients (Pozgar, 2012). Health practitioners who conduct HIV treatment and in the course they get affected, they are obliged to inform the public health committee (Jaszay & Dunk, 2006). Jaszay and Dunk (2006) further emphasized that the health professionals are also authorized not to undertake any medical operation without permission from respective health authorities. Furthermore, HIV infected individuals confidentiality should be the priority to safeguard them against any form of discrimination, and this is based on formulated legal legislations (Pozgar, 2012).
Community relations plan to serve HIV/AIDS Patients
Buve et al. (2001) highlighted that in the community, there is the need for the support of individuals living with HIV/Aids and their families as well. Individuals living with HIV tend to live a healthy life for an extended period provided they receive excellent care and supportive care. Within the community, support groups also facilitate to the demystification of the disease and enhance de-stigmatization and generate acceptance by the society for people living with HIV and AIDs as well as their families (Wodak and McLeod, 2008). A majority of community families and individuals live with the disease without any support from health centers and the community addressing these issues. Good relations with the community requires the health centers have developed community-based initiatives that are directed at improving better care and support for the individuals living with HIV. For a district, health institutions to enhance community relationships regarding addressing issues affecting people living with HIV.
Wodak and McLeod (2008) established that proper planning should be undertaken. The steps may include, first, the need to organize counseling sessions and emotional assistance to individuals living with HIV and AIDs in the community and their families. The institutions should set up initiatives and medical treatment to enable them keeps their immune systems stable, reliable and provides resistance to any opportunistic infections. Also, there is also the necessity to give people the antiretroviral treatment as well as delivering home-based care treatment for the individuals who are much ill. Through the counseling sessions in the community, individuals living with HIV and AIDS, as well as their families tend to equipped in dealing with prejudices that they receive from the district, and there is the need to provide them with appropriate knowledge and skills to safeguard themselves.
Secondly, to reduce the level of stigmatization in the community, health institutions will have to establish support groups in the society to address the issue of stigmatization. Stigma revolves around many people living with HIV and AIDS in the area which make their lives difficult for them and their families. Stigmatization in the city contributes to high levels of loneliness, stress, confusion, and depression which makes these individual s vulnerable to ailments Individuals with HIV infections require psycho-social support, emotional and physical support. Notably, these support groups will aim at providing emotional assistance and coping mechanism to individuals who undergo difficulties and are willing to be involved with the support groups. Additionally, it is an avenue in which individuals can receive information that will make them comprehend the disease well and be able to empower their family members and other members of the community. Support groups also enhance the existence of adequate social networks for individuals with similar issues and result in the improvement of their quality of life. Furthermore, the presence of support groups will necessitate the reduction in isolation and discrimination as it will enhance the acceptance around the disease thus promoting de-stigmatization. Finally, by the support of the health institutions, they will venture in strengthening the HIV prevention messages by advocating community members to have contact with people living with HIV &AIDS.
Lastly, according to Lo (2000), access to treatment is not the only solution of remaining healthy in the community for people living with HIV &AIDs. It is of benefit if their immune system is kept stable and be assisted in fighting the disease and infections. The following strategies need to put into consideration: individuals should be educated healthy eating habits; initiate a vegetable garden project that will provide the right food and finally commence an initiative that will engage in the collection of food from shopping centers and distribute them to the infected individuals.
Conclusion
As a consequence of the critical ethical matters that are about HIV and AIDS as well as the client- health worker relation, in countries like the United States of America, legal statutes have been formulated to regulate and enhance service provision to people living with HIV. Since HIV/AIDS has turned out to be prevalent, many stakeholders have collaborated to address the issue because it is spreading globally. In the majority of the developing countries, the high rate of poverty has contributed to the death of many family breadwinners. Most of the people who live in poverty lack the resources that can enable them access quality healthcare, mostly those living with HIV and AIDs. It will be of significance if people living with HIV and AIDs are targeted as well as their families. Ideally, the reason is that their families have to take care of the HIV clients. As a result of these, they require emotional support as well as be equipped in dealing with stigmatization in the community. There is also the necessity to train and convey appropriate information that they can use to safeguard themselves from victimization.
 
References
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