about overpopulation

Claudia Copeland is a well-known expert on resource and environmental policies.

She addresses the environmental impact of agricultural waste pollutants on sea ecosystems as well as human life.

Pollutants cause major fish kills as well as nose, mouth, neck, leg, and skin infections in humans.

The Environmental Protection Agency adopted policies regulating discharge to minimize these impacts.

According to Copeland, the original policies had deficiencies that necessitated changes.

Under the Clinton administration, the first revision plan was made in 2000. Since then, there have been several revisions.

Perspectives on Environmental Health (2006). Community Health and Socioeconomic Issues Surrounding Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations. 317-320. doi:10.1289/ehp.8836

This source looks into the implication CAFOs have in the process of attaining sustainable health in rural communities.

As such, it discusses various health and socioeconomic complications brought about by CAFOs.

The major health concerns include economic, physical, mental, and social health.

The socioeconomic issues entail environmental injustice, failure of the political process in mitigating the concerns.

This research recommends that there should be a limitation for animal density per watershed.

Additionally, it advocates for stringency in the process of issuing CAFOs permits.

Greger, M., & Koneswaran, G. (2010). The public health impacts of concentrated animal feeding operations on local communities. Family & Community Health, 33(1), 11-20.

The authors point out that it is already documented that CAFOs have health effects on the workers.

In their research, the authors investigate whether CAFOs have the same effect on the nearby community.

As noted in the research, CAFOs result to air and water contamination.

CAFOs have brought about a concern for animal welfare issues due to poor waste management.

Environmental pollution as a result of CAFOs has health consequences to the nearby public.

It brings about the risk of transmission of pathogens to human beings.

Hribar, C. (2010). Understanding Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations and Their Impact on Communities. Retrieved 2017.

Carrie Hribar is a specialist in the field of health who has dedicated time and resources to researching more in this field.

In this research, Carrie gives an overview history of CAFOs, pointing out its numerous benefits.

However, as noted in the research, CAFOs have numerous environmental health effects.

They affect both surface and ground water as well as air quality.

Their effect leads to greenhouse gas emissions, odors and climatic change.

As noted in the research, CAFOs contribute to pathogens, insect vectors and reduction in property value.

As a result of these effects, the board of health involvement with CAFOs has had to make considerations for various right-to-farm laws.

Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Huang, L., & Xin, H. (2015). CALPUFF and CAFOs: Air Pollution Modeling and Environmental Justice Analysis in the North Carolina Hog Industry. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(1), 150-171. doi: 10.3390/ijgi4010150

As noted at the beginning of this research, the animal waste produced by CAFOs pollute the air, water, and soil.

This research aims at distinguishing the extent of this effect on human health.

It focuses on the risk exposure facing the community as a result of CAFO_x0092_s.

As such, it makes use of the CALPUFF model to determine the concentration of ammonia deposited downstream of CAFOs locations.

It makes use of CALPUFF since it is an effective air pollution dispersion model.

The research shows that areas downstream of CAFOs locations have over twice the concentration of ammonia than other regions.

Reference

Copeland, C. (2006). Animal waste and water quality: EPA regulation of concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). Congressional Research Service, Library of Congress.

Environmental Health Perspectives. (2006). Community Health and Socioeconomic Issues Surrounding Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations. 317-320. doi:10.1289/ehp.8836

Greger, M., & Koneswaran, G. (2010). The public health impacts of concentrated animal feeding operations on local communities. Family & Community Health, 33(1), 11-20.

Hribar, C. (2010). Understanding Concentrated Animal Feeding Operations and Their Impact on Communities. Retrieved 2017.

Ogneva-Himmelberger, Y., Huang, L., & Xin, H. (2015). CALPUFF and CAFOs: Air Pollution Modeling and Environmental Justice Analysis in the North Carolina Hog Industry. ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information, 4(1), 150-171. doi: 10.3390/ijgi4010150